What is Specific Physical Preparation for Martial Arts?

Every once in a while it’s fun to think about how much the exercises we train on a daily and weekly basis actually translate, or carry over, to the activities for which we’re training.

Depending on your training program this can either be a great way to confirm that you are moving in the right direction, continuing to make progress and see results, or it can be a bit disheartening to realize just how little what you are doing actually carries over to your chosen field of endeavor.

In the case of budo (martial arts) practice, like any other sport or physical activity, there must be exercises specifically crafted to enhance performance. A solid base of General Physical Preparation (GPP) is necessary, but not sufficient.

What is GPP?

The first step in ensuring you are building martial skills on top of a solid foundation is General Physical Preparedness (GPP). The goal of GPP is enhanced work capacity. This is the ability to run faster, jump higher, and hit harder.

When work capacity increases, it allows the budding warrior to adapt more easily to increases in both mental and physical demands. In other words, it increases your capacity and level of readiness to absorb higher levels of specificity in training. In order to be more, we must become more.

When talking about the martial arts, which tend to be seemingly limitless, one must possess the physical, mental, and spiritual endurance to “keep going!”

 

Moving From GPP to SPP

While the goal of GPP is muscular adaptation and general readiness for training, the main focus of SPP is neurological adaptation — to train movements, not muscles.

Specific Physical Preparedness builds on GPP by increasing the development of characteristics necessary for a particular sport or activity — or, in our case, martial arts.

It is a uniquely designed and targeted system for enhancing strength, flexibility, endurance, and conditioning which builds on the GPP base by furthering development in the exact physiological profile of the martial art.

Therefore, GPP helps to make you effective while SPP makes you efficient. The end stage goal is of course to be both effective and efficient in each and every movement.

The Training Process Cycle

If your strength and conditioning program is stuck in the GPP phase of development then you may not be realizing the type of performance gains that are possible with a specifically crafted SPP level.

Strength and conditioning training must eventually approach as close as possible to the demands of the activity to maximize the training effect.

Since your body adapts specifically to the stresses placed on it, you improve according to the type of training you do. This is exactly why your training program must cycle through from the general to the specific.

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4 Levels of Preparation in Warrior Fitness

There are 4 levels of preparation within the Warrior Fitness Training System that are used to create a complete, comprehensive training program.

In any complete training program they flow from one level to the next and back again effectively blurring the lines between them.  This allows the trainee a more holistic approach to training and accelerates their progress and skill rather than holding them back to finish one level before moving on to the next.

The key is allowing each level to build on the next while simultaneously back-filling in gaps and increasing the solidity of the foundation.  Thus each of these levels is must not be a discrete, separate unit.  They blend and flow into one another and back again.  They continue to be inter-related and inform each other throughout the duration of each complete Warrior Fitness Training Program.

Level 1 – General Physical Preparation

Level 2 – Specific Physical Preparation

Level 3 – Technical Skill Preparation

Level 4 – Mental/Emotional Toughness 

 

4 Levels

General Physical Preparation (GPP)

The first level in ensuring you are building skill on top of a solid foundation is General Physical Preparation (GPP). The goal of GPP is enhanced work capacity. This is the ability to run faster, jump higher, and hit harder. When work capacity increases, it allows the budding warrior to adapt more easily to increases in both mental and physical demands. In other words, it increases your capacity and level of readiness to absorb higher levels of specificity.

 

Specific Physical Preparation (SPP)

Specific Physical Preparation (SPP) is the second level. While the goal of GPP is muscular adaptation, the main focus of SPP is neurological adaptation. Specific Physical Preparedness builds on GPP by increasing the development of characteristics necessary for a particular sport or activity – or, in our case, martial arts. Therefore, GPP helps to make you effective while SPP makes you efficient. The end stage goal is of course to be both effective and efficient in each and every movement.

 

Technical Skills (TS)

The Technical Skills (TS) level is where the specific techniques of the martial art, sport, or activity are trained.  This allows the trainee to work at perfecting the technical aspect of each individual discipline.  All skills must be built on a solid foundation of strength and health in order to meet the demands of the art at the highest levels.

 

Mental Toughness (MT)

Mental Toughness (MT) is final level where mental and emotional toughness are built.  Toughness is defined as “resistance to failure”.  This level is ultimately blended throughout the entire process gradually increasing the trainee’s level of challenge, difficulty, and resistance to failure.

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